Can Tooth Decay Be Reversed?

One of the most common oral health concerns almost everyone faces is tooth decay. It is a gradual, naturally occurring process that causes teeth to break down and deteriorate. Brushing and flossing can keep tooth decay at bay by eliminating acids that damage the teeth.

Early tooth decay, or enamel erosion, can be reversed through remineralization repair, but if your tooth decay reaches the state of cavities, you may need a dental treatment.

What Is Tooth Decay?

Tooth decay develops when bacteria in your mouth produce acids that eat away at the tooth enamel. Enamel is the hard, protective outer layer of the tooth. It's the strongest substance in our body, but it demineralizes and decays when subjected to acids for a long time. The process of tooth decay involves various stages, and if not taken care of, it can cause cavities, infections, gum disease, and tooth loss.

There are 5 stages of tooth decay.

  1. Initial demineralization: the enamel loses essential minerals that keep the tooth’s exterior strong.

  2. Enamel decay: cavity formation occurs when the lack of enamel leaves the tooth’s surface vulnerable to acids.

  3. Dentin decay: the soft middle layer of the tooth decays, causing the cavity to reach deeper within the tooth.

  4. Pulp damage: the innermost layer of the tooth housing the blood vessels and nerves becomes irritated, swollen, and tender.

  5. Abscess: invading bacteria can cause an abscess and infection, requiring prompt treatment.

Causes of Tooth Decay

Poor oral hygiene is a primary cause of tooth decay. Without thorough, frequent teeth cleaning, plaque, a sticky film that contains bacteria, can build up on the teeth and gums. If left unchecked, bacterial activity can result in tooth decay.

Other factors that can contribute to tooth decay include:

  • Acids from frequent snacking on sugary foods and drinks

  • Dry mouth

  • Acid reflux

  • Insufficient fluoride

Symptoms of Tooth Decay 

Tooth decay symptoms are not always obvious and may vary depending on the stage of the decay. The common signs of tooth decay include:

  • Tooth sensitivity

  • Discomfort or pain

  • Discolouration or brown or black spots

  • Pits or holes on the tooth surface

  • Gum inflammation

Signs of cavities often develop in the later stages, and they may not be visible on sight. Visit your dentist for a cleaning and X-rays to detect cavities between the teeth and identify their severity.

Reversing Tooth Decay

In the early stages of demineralization, you can reverse erosion before you develop cavities with the help of a few methods.

Fluoride Treatments

Fluoride treatments are one of the first ways to reverse tooth decay. Fluoride is a mineral that helps to strengthen tooth enamel and prevent further deterioration. It can be applied directly as a gel or varnish to the teeth during dental cleaning.

Using fluoride at home can also promote healthy enamel. You can find fluoride in:

  • Fluoridated toothpaste

  • Fluoridated mouthwash

Fluoride is also commonly added to city water, including water that flows from Winnipeg’s taps. Well water and small-town water supplies often do not have fluoride.

Fluoride helps to remineralize teeth, strengthen tooth enamel, and prevent the growth of bacteria and acids that wear down teeth.

Good Oral Hygiene

Brushing your teeth twice a day for 2 minutes with fluoride toothpaste, flossing once daily, and using mouthwash can help keep your teeth clean and prevent decay from forming. Whether you choose a manual or electric toothbrush, focus on reaching every tooth. Cavities commonly develop on the back teeth, so brushing your molars is critical.

Flossing between the teeth can help remove food particles and plaque that hide in the crevices of your mouth. However, if traditional floss is challenging to manage, you can try alternatives, including:

  • Interdental brushes

  • Floss picks

  • Pre-threaded flossers

  • Water flossers

It's also important to visit your dentist every 6 months for checkups and cleanings.

Proper Nutrition

Eating a diet rich in vitamins and minerals is vital for maintaining healthy teeth and reversing tooth decay. Foods that can help to remineralize teeth and prevent further decay include:

  • Milk, plain yogurt, cheese, and cottage cheese

  • Fruit and vegetables

  • Nuts and seeds

  • Eggs

Reducing your intake of sugary, acidic foods and drinks can also help to prevent decay. If you're drinking or eating sweets, drink water or brush your teeth to wash away the bacteria.

Restorative Treatments

If tooth decay has progressed to a more advanced stage, restorative treatments may be necessary to reverse the damage. These treatments can include:

Your dentist can evaluate the extent of the decay and recommend the proper treatment option for your needs.

Prevent Tooth Decay Before It Develops

While some tooth decay can be reversed, prevention is always best. Adopt healthy oral hygiene habits and visit your dentist regularly for exams and cleanings. Schedule an appointment at Shine Dental for your cleaning or if you suspect you have symptoms of tooth decay. Prompt intervention can help save your teeth from further damage and more invasive treatments in the future.

Tooth Pain, Tooth DecayJonathan WiebeShine Dental